How Computer Viruses Work by Jeremy Hall

The computer virus has a history which spans almost the entire lifespan of home computers. Computer viruses as we know them first made their appearance in the late 1980's. The first computer viruses came at a time which was perfect for their ability to spread and to achieve the dominance they have now. Lets look at some of the reasons.
The late 1980's saw the number of personal computers being used increase dramatically. Before the 1980's there where no computers as we know them today. Any computers being used where only used by experts in educational and military implementations. It was the popularity of the IBM PC in 1982 that saw a surge in the number of computers being used in homes and businesses. By the late 1980's computers were becoming a permanent fixture in homes,offices and in schools and colleges.
The second important part of the advent of computer viruses was the bulletin board. Using a modem computer users could dial a bulletin board and featured primitive versions of the email we all use nowadays as well as in many cases the ability to download all sorts of programs. It was the advent of the bulletin boards that not only gave enthusiasts a fertile ground to spread the sort of information that enabled programmers to develop malicious programs but also gave them a fertile breeding ground. The age of the trojan horse was ushered in by the birth of the bulletin board.
Before you can do what is necessary to answer the question of how can I remove a trojan horse virus from my computer you must understand what it is.
A trojan horse started out as a program with its name taken from Homer's Iliad. The name and description of the program would entice people to download it and once downloaded it would proceed to conduct malicious activities on the pc. Some Trojan horse programs would be bound to valid programs and others would use subterfuge to delay the user from suspecting their pc had been infiltrated.
Trojan horses generally only infect a few people at a time because if you are vigilant towards these kinds of malware they are very easy to detect and easy to remove. Warnings of these kind of programs would spread fast so their activity would be on a limited timeframe only.
The most significant reason for the start of computer viruses was the creation of the floppy disk. In the 1980's computer programs where very small so it was rare that computers would have hard discs as they have now. In fact apart from very basic operating systems some would require floppy discs to even start up. This meant that it became possible to hide virus code in the system areas of floppy discs, once an operating system disc was infected any other clean discs inserted into the system would be attacked and act as a stepping stone to another clean system.
In order to learn how do I remove a virus from my computer it is beneficial to understand the history of computer viruses. The only way to be able to fight these types of malicious software is to have a clear understanding of where these malware threats come from.

About the Author

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GET NO RESPECT? TRY THIS UNUSUAL APPROACH by Pauline Wallin, Ph.D.

GET NO RESPECT? TRY THIS UNUSUAL APPROACH

Like the late Rodney Dangerfield, you may sometimes find that you "don't get no respect." In Rodney's comedy routine, disrespect was amusing. But in real life it fills us with indignation.

Our typical response is sarcasm or avoidance. Has such a reaction EVER made a difference in getting more respect from others? I doubt it.

Today I'm going to show you a better way to deal with disrespectful people who irk you, frustrate you, and drain you of energy.

HERE'S THE SECRET: When someone gets under your skin, do them a small favor or give them a small token gift. Here are some real-life examples:

* A divorced man, whose ex-wife played power games by impeding his relationship with the children, decided to try the small favor route. One day when he picked up the kids from her house he brought her a quart of gourmet-grade cherries. "I was at the farmer's market and saw these cherries, which I recall were one of your favorite treats," he said casually. "I know the market is far from your house, so I figured as long as I'm going to stop by here anyway, I would bring you a few."

* An employee whose boss was hypercritical made a point of bringing her a copy of a magazine article on antiques, a subject that the employee knew was the boss's hobby. As the employee walked by her desk he stopped briefly and gave her the article. "I read this piece in Newsweek last night, and thought I'd bring it in just in case you hadn't seen it," he said nonchalantly.

* A college student happened to be in the vicinity of a classmate who had participated in spreading a rumor about her. The classmate had just exclaimed that her cell phone battery was dead. The student pulled her own phone from her pocket and offered, "Here. Go ahead and use mine."

In all the above examples, the recipients of the gift or favor reacted with a puzzled expression, but nevertheless accepted the gesture. In two of the situations the recipients became more friendly later on. (Unfortunately, the hypercritical boss did not, but that's a subject for another article.)

When you first try the gift/favor approach, it won't feel right at all. The immature recesses of your mind (what I call the "inner brat") will NOT want to do it. It may even scold you for kissing up to someone who treated you with disrespect.

But your inner brat doesn't realize that you are not kissing up. You are taking charge, choosing to rise above the other person's hostility. This is the mark of a mature person, something the inner brat can't understand.

Here are some tips to make the gift/favor strategy even more powerful:

1. You don't have to act right away -- in fact sometimes it's more effective when you wait a while.

2. The gift or the favor must be very small. If it's too lavish, the other person might consider it a bribe or a manipulation. In the earlier example of the ex-wife, suppose the man had brought her some expensive perfume. In that case she could have easily assumed that he was just trying to control her.

3. Any favors that you do for this purpose must appear casual and incidental. Note that the man with the cherries told his ex that he noticed them while he was shopping at the farmer's market. He gave them to her at the same time that he was picking up his kids. He didn't make any special trips. When you present token gifts in such a casual manner, the recipient is less likely to feel manipulated.

4. Use this approach sparingly. If you do it too often, you may be viewed as patronizing or "kissing up." It's better to save it for infrequent little surprises.

As I mentioned earlier, this approach does not work 100% of the time. But even when it doesn't, you can still reap a benefit. Because you choose to respond with kindness and consideration, you will remain calmer and feel more in control over the situation. And, as an added bonus, you may find that you are not so annoyed by the other person after all!

About the Author

Pauline Wallin, Ph.D. is a psychologist and coach in Camp Hill, PA, and author of "Taming Your Inner Brat: A Guide for Transforming Self-defeating Behavior" (Wildcat Canyon Press, 2004)

Visit http://www.innerbrat.com for more information, and subscribe to her free, monthly Inner Brat Newsletter.

What Every Pet Owner Should Know About Pet Allergies by Colleen Finnegan

What causes pet allergies? The primary agents are proteins produced in the hair, feathers, fur, urine, saliva, and feces of pets. These proteins can stimulate a wide and uncomfortable variety of symptoms in sufferers.
Pet allergies can spring up all at once, or they can evolve over months or years. A new cat owner, for instance, may suffer no allergy symptoms until six months after introducing a pet to her apartment. It's important not to jump to conclusions about the cause of symptoms.
Many environmental and physiological factors can produce "pet allergy like" symptoms. You may be allergic to other substances (e.g. pollen, mold, poison ivy, certain foods, climatic variations, and even stress) or suffer a medical condition like influenza, eczema, lupus, or chronic fatigue syndrome.
The best way to settle the diagnosis is to discuss the matter with your doctor. He or she can perform a range of tests (including skin and blood tests) aimed at pin pointing triggers. Be aware that allergies can often be comorbid with other conditions. To relieve symptoms, you will need to treat all triggers.
Symptoms of Pet Allergies
Pet allergies can present in vastly different ways in different patients. Some sufferers may experience eczema, nettle shaped rashes, and other skin blotches. Others may get asthma or other bronchial problems. Still others may present with full-on "hay fever like" symptoms, such as watery eyes, runny nose, headache, and congestion.
Symptoms can also vary in how, when, and how intensely they present, and individuals can respond to allergens in their environments differently at different times. For instance, let's say you're allergic to dogs. During one encounter with a golden retriever, you may develop hay fever symptoms and difficulty breathing. Several weeks later, you can encounter the same golden retriever, and this time, you may experience an allergic rash but no hay fever symptoms.
Allergic symptoms can create secondary health problems as well. Pet allergy sufferers are statistically more likely to develop ear infections, insomnia, and the common cold. Moreover, if left untreated, these symptoms can impede one's ability to travel, visit friends, or even go shopping.
Notwithstanding all of these negative symptoms, a surprising number of Americans "work through" their symptoms just to have the joy of spending time with their favorite companions. Approximately two millions Americans, according to one study, keep cats even though they are allergic to them.
What Makes Pet Allergies Worse?
Just because you have a pet allergy doesn't mean that you can't be allergic to other things in your environment. Indeed, your allergy symptoms can be exacerbated by a whole host of environmental factors, such as cigarette smoke, pollen, dust in the air, and even your diet. If you don't stay in shape by running, eating well, sleeping enough, limiting your stress, and avoiding excess consumption of drugs, alcohol, and caffeine, you can make your symptoms worse. Some studies even suggest that non-allergic pet owners who lead unhealthy lives put themselves at risk of developing allergies to their pets down the line.
How to Treat Pet Allergies
Fortunately for pet allergy sufferers, solutions abound. The simplest but in some ways saddest solution is to avoid pets entirely (or at least the pets which trigger your allergy symptoms). Thankfully, there are intermediate solutions you can try before parting with Fido or Mittens.
Taking allergy shots can prevent symptoms from developing. Minimize exposure in your environment by cleaning your house of pet dander particles or setting up a HEPA filter to circulate the air and eliminate pet allergens.
Shop for so-called low allergy pets, such as shorthaired cats or "low allergy" dogs like Bichon Fris's. If you can wrangle your pet for regular baths, you can reduce the amount of pet dander that will circulate in your house. Also, make sure to keep your pet healthy and active -- studies suggest that pets that are confined can become more allergenic over time.
If you're "super allergic" to pets and you need to visit someone who owns an animal which triggers your symptoms, wear a mask, and/or bring medications to control symptoms. Finally, declare an "allergy free zone" in your house. You may be able to control your symptoms simply by staying out of rooms your pet occupies regularly.
Medications to Control Symptoms
You can find over-the-counter and prescribed antihistamines to control symptoms, and corticosteroids and/or bronchodilators can be effective as well. You can also try over-the-counter topicals, such as eye-drops, nasal sprays, creams, and even non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Finally, it is possible to build up tolerances to pet dander through a program of controlled exposure over time. You may want to speak with an allergy specialist to come up with a comprehensive treatment plan. If you're really allergic to a certain type of animal, make sure to carry emergency medication on your person in the event that you encounter that animal, since you may not have time to get to medical help before severe symptoms set in.

About the Author

For 25 years, Allergy Control Products has been recommended by thousands of physicians as the most trusted allergy company for revolutionary products for indoor allergies. Whether you're looking for the highest quality air purifiers, air filters, hypoallergenic bedding or more

Wildlife Tour India - Unleash Your Adventurous Side with Rich Flora And Fauna by Rajendra Sharma

Is the adventurous streak in you insisting you enough to head for a wild safari? Are you dying to explore the diversity of nature in its rich flora and fauna? If yes, then a wildlife tour is all that you need. But a wildlife tour would mean cutting on your luxuries and living in harsh and extreme conditions. What if you don't happen to be the types who can lead a robust lifestyle? What to do then? Bid adieu to the thoughts of a wildlife tour? Or is there another option?
India is the answer and the ultimate solution too for all your desires. The land itself spells magic and boasts of a wide variety of hues of life. Be its mesmerizing landscape, or the colorful culture of its people, everything about the country seems to have a magnetic effect. India truly is a land of diversity and this diversity not just exists till its people, or highly varied landscape. This diverse streak of the country is more than evident in its flora and fauna too.
Jungles in India are a delight to watch. Plush greenery and the sound of jovial elephants thumping by is a true treat to the eye. If you are heading for a wildlife tour India, be prepared to explore the wildest side of nature. The country is home to the famous Indian tiger, one out of the five sub species spread across Asia. And not just the tiger, the country amalgamates some of the most exotic varieties of fauna such as the leopard, Indian rhino, deer and elephants.
Scared? Don't be. A wildlife tour India engages the best security measures to keep you safe while you enjoy the luxuries of nature. You could catch up with one of the most splendid views of the country's diverse wildlife seated on an elephant back. Really! Most wildlife tour India packages engage you in an elephant safari where you can catch the entire view of the jungle riding high on an elephant. And if the elephant ride does not seem to be the ideal choice for you, nothing to worry as you can opt for a jeep safari.
All right the wildlife part seems to be rocking enough but what about the luxuries? Would you really have to stay in those tents near the jungle that you have seen in your favorite Hollywood flicks? Relax! To serve your luxurious side these wildlife tour India packages provide you accommodation in the best of wildlife resorts. These resorts will offer you all that you need to live at peace. Some of these resorts are even equipped with the latest modern gadgets to offer convenience to the technology savvy traveler.
Not to forget, the ever so colorful tribes of the country. You shall find these tribal nearby the jungles. Your resort may engage you in a festive spirit by arranging for a tribal dance. Don't be disappointed even if you don't get to watch these tribal dances as you can always benefit from the ample knowledge of these tribes.
Go ahead and experience the lethal combination of adventure and luxury with a Wildlife tour India.

About the Author

Rajendra Sharma is a renowned travelogue and has been dealing with travel guides. If you want to know more about Wildlife tour India, Hotels in Delhi, Pushkar camel fair and Safari Tour India you can visit http://www.sewara.com